The Italians also used artillery that they captured from Austria-Hungary. After the war, the Italians seized most of the Austro-Hungarian weaponry, and some was still in service during World War II. With the outbreak of the war in 1914, this collaboration came to an end as European manufacturers focused on equipping their home countries. The United States lacked industry that could build artillery. When the United States entered the war in April 1917, it was clear that its artillery would not be sufficient, so the United States mostly used French and British artillery. Was only able to do so in collaboration with European manufacturers. Winter, J. M.-The Experience of World War I. Oxford University Press. US Army Combined Arms Center – Command. Lupfer, Timothy (July 1981). “Dynamics of doctrine: the change in German tactical doctrine during the first world war“.

The long barrel recoil technology incorporated by the French into the 75 mm field gun revolutionized artillery and made previous artillery obsolete. The development of trench warfare demonstrated the need for a wider variety of artillery, which mostly entered service in 1916 and 1917. Much of this artillery was kept in service. Used against German forces in the Battle of France in 1940 during World War II. However, early in the war, the French over-relied on this gun under the assumption that it was the only artillery they needed.

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