Other scholars have noted the links between ZTE‘s state-owned shareholders and the People’s Liberation Army. Nubia Technology was a fully owned subsidiary of ZTE Corporation. The company has subsequently disposed of the majority of its equity in the company. ZTEsoft engages in ICT industry and specializes in providing BSS/OSS, big data products and services to telecom operators, and ICT, smart city and industry products and services to enterprises and governments.

The Sydney Morning Herald. Cybermedia India Online Limited. Shen, Daniel; Shen, Steve (9 March 2007). “China-based Huawei and ZTE make headway in global telecom market”. Rogers, Mike; Ruppersberger, Dutch (8 October 2012). “Investigative Report on the U.S. National Security Issues Posed by Chinese Telecommunications Companies Huawei and ZTE” (PDF). Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence. Soh, Kelvin; Peters, Hans (27 January 2011). “UPDATE 1-ZTE says 2010 net profit up 32 pct on better sales”. Guo, Huang (28 March 2005). “20 Years History of ZTE Corporation by Mr. Huang Guo in 2005”. ZTE Corporation. Doyle, Shannon (14 December 2012). “Congressional Committee Finds Huawei And ZTE To Be Threats To National Security”. ZTE. March 2007. p.

The New York Times. Shepardson, David (9 July 2020). “Exclusive: U.S. finalizing federal contract ban for companies that use Huawei, others”. Chee, Foo Yun (15 June 2023). “Breton urges more EU countries to ban Huawei, ZTE from networks”. Shields, Todd (30 June 2020). “FCC Calls Huawei, ZTE Security Threats as It Bars Subsidies”. Kawase, Kenji (27 April 2018). “ZTE‘s less-known roots: Chinese tech company falls from grace”. Rapoza, Kenneth (30 June 2020). “The FCC Just Designated China’s Huawei And ZTE A Security Threat”. McKenzie, Nick; Grigg, Angus (31 May 2018). “China’s ZTE was built to spy and bribe, court documents allege”.

In September 2020, the U.S. ZTE equipment and networks they had previously purchased. In January 2021, Gina Raimondo, President Joe Biden’s nominee for United States Secretary of Commerce, said in her confirmation hearings that she would protect U.S. Rensy International Trading to violate sanctions against North Korea. In December 2020, the U.S. Congress included $1.9 billion to help telecom carriers in rural areas of the U.S. Chinese companies including ZTE. Department of Justice filed a criminal complaint against ZTE accusing it of using two shell companies named Ryer International Trading.